Parque de la Exposición
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| Park of the Exhibition | |
|---|---|
 Byzantine Pavilion | |
 | |
| Type | Public park |
| Location | Santa Beatriz, Lima |
| Area | 112,804 m2 |
| Created | July 1, 1872 |
| Operated by | Empresa Municipal Inmobiliaria de Lima (EMILIMA) |
The Park of the Exhibition (Spanish: Parque de la Exposición), known between 1999 and 2004 as the Grand Park of Lima (Spanish: Gran Parque de Lima),[1] is a park located in the neighbourhood of Santa Beatriz, itself part of the buffer zone of the historic centre of Lima, Peru. It was built to replace the city's walls, demolished as part of a citywide renovation project in order to host an international exhibition in 1872.
History[edit]
The park was occupied by the south gate of the Walls of Lima, known as Puerta de Guadalupe. In the 1870s President José Balta ordered the demolition of these walls within its modernisation plan of the city. It was planned that this location would be aimed at building a park that would house the Lima International Exhibition of 1872.[2] Thus, alongside the park, rose the Palacio de la Exposición (now the Lima Art Museum).
The park plan was made by Manuel Atanasio Fuentes and Italian architect Antonio Leonardi. Its design was neo-Renaissance and included the construction of pavilions including a zoo and other buildings. Leonardi also designed the Palacio de la Exposición. In the beginning the largest, covering the current and contemporary Park of the Reserve and the land where now stands the Estadio Nacional, were part of the park.
During the War of the Pacific, the park had a military use, before the invasion, as a garrison and a hospital and after the invasion as headquarters for the Chilean troops.
With the celebration of the centenary of the independence of Peru, Augusto B. Leguía was ordered to build several additional buildings, such as Byzantine Hall and the building that served as headquarters of the Ministry of Transport and Communications and is currently intended to be the Metropolitan Museum of Lima.
In 1961 he ordered the demolition of the Panopticon of Lima and the construction of the Civic Centre of Lima, the land north of Park of the Exposition and currently home to the Centre for Military and Historical Studies and the Museum of Italian Art that originally belonged the park, were considered part of the same.
During the 1970s, the Park of the Exposition fell into a severe decline. In the 1990s, during the administration of Alberto Andrade, the Park was restored and lakes and an amphitheatre were created and the park opened to the park. Andrade renamed the park calling it Gran Parque de Lima but it later returned to its original name.
Landmarks[edit]
| Name | Notes | Photo |
|---|---|---|
Buildings
| ||
| Palace of the Exhibition | The palace was built alongside the park, between 1870 and 1871. It was raised on land formerly belonging to the San Martín and Santa Beatriz fundos. It housed a monumental clock until the War of the Pacific, when it was looted and taken to Santiago. It currently houses the Lima Art Museum. |  |
| Byzantine Pavilion | Also known as the President's Pavilion, it was built during the government of Augusto B. Leguía as part of the centennial celebrations. |  |
| Moorish Pavilion | Originally known as the Gothic Pavilion, it was also built under Leguía as part of the centennial celebrations. |  |
| Metropolitan Museum | The building, designed by Claude Sahut, was part of the centennial works and once housed the Ministry of Development and Public Works. On October 10, 2010, the museum was inaugurated. | .png) |
| La Cabaña Theatre | It currently functions as the headquarters of the National Higher School of Dramatic Art. | .jpg) |
| Nicomedes Santa Cruz amphitheatre | Part of the 1999 works, it has a seating capacity of 4,500 people. |  |
| Museum of Italian Art | The work of Gaetano Moretti, it was part of the centennial works and a gift to the city by its Italian community. |  |
| Centre for Military Historical Studies | Originally the Peruvian Pavilion at the Exposition Universelle of 1900 in Paris, it was disassembled and rebuilt in Peru. It housed the National Institute of Hygiene and later a Traffic Command until 1960, when it was donated to the Armed Forces. |  |
| Seismographic Pavilion | Once the site of the first seismographic observations of Peru, headed by Scipión Llona, it currently functions as an infirmary. Restoration works were carried out in 1981 by architect Jorge Cosmópolis. |  |
Sculptures
| ||
| Chinese Fountain | Donated by the Chinese colony, its design represents the white, the yellow and black races. On the sides are two allegories that represent the Amazon and Yellow rivers, made in bronze by the sculptor Ettore Graziosi. There are also four representations of the Raimondi Stele from the Chavín culture. |  |
| Neptune Fountain | The fountain is named after the sculpture of the the Roman god, the work of Vital Gabriel Dubray, which was acquired by the Peruvian government for the 1872 fair.[3] It was looted during the occupation of Lima, but eventually returned to its original location.[4] |  |
| Ricardo Palma Fountain | It was inaugurated on February 7, 1962, by Mayor Héctor García Ribeyro in honour of Ricardo Palma. Its sculptures are the work of Manuel Piqueras Cotoli and the platform that houses them was made by Juan Benites Dubeau. | — |
| Bust of Fernando Belaúnde | The bust, a joint project between the Metropolitan Municipality of Lima and Saint Ignatius of Loyola University, was inagurated in 2012, commemorating the 100th anniversary of the birth of Fernando Belaúnde, two-time president of Peru. |  |
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Vadillo Vila, José (2017-10-30). "Espacio de limeñidad". El Peruano.
- ^ "Parque de la Exposición". World Monuments Fund. May 2021. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
- ^ Hernández, Laura (2022-06-09). "Escultura de Neptuno de Lima: esta es su sorprendente historia". La Sexta.
- ^ Villantoy Gómez, Abigail (2023-09-29). "La sorprendente historia de la escultura de Neptuno de Lima: el tesoro subestimado en la capital peruana". Infobae.
